Product inspection refers to the technical activities of determining whether raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products conform to specific technical standards or specifications through measurement, inspection, or testing. It runs through the entire production and manufacturing process, covering quality control at each stage from raw materials to finished products.
Its core process includes three steps: data collection, standard comparison, and conformity determination. Inspection methods encompass physical measurement, chemical analysis, and experimental use of identification methods.
Based on the inspection stage, it can be divided into incoming inspection, in-process inspection, and final inspection. Based on the relationship between the object and the sample, it can be divided into 100% inspection, sampling inspection, and first-piece inspection. Inspection results are used to identify the risk of non-conforming products entering production or the market, playing a role in gatekeeping, prevention, and information feedback.
Modern inspection and testing is trending towards intelligent and digital transformation, improving testing efficiency and coverage. The relevant standards system covers international standards, national mandatory standards (such as GB 18401-2010, GB 6675.1-2014), and industry technical specifications.
